The academically peer refereed Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects (IJELLO) - formerly Interdisciplinary Journal of Knowledge and Learning Objects - endeavors to provide readers around the world with the widest possible coverage of developments in E-Learning and Learning Objects, as shown in our mission statement. IJELLO is an interdisciplinary forum that publishes high quality articles on theory, practice, innovation, and research that cover all aspects of E-Learning and Learning Objects. IJELLO defines Learning Objects very broadly, to include media objects (audio, video, graphics, animation) used for learning, intelligent objects, and knowledge objects, thus encompassing virtually any learning unit with a single, clear learning objective. Most, but not all, such units include subject matter content, practice exercises, and some means of assessment. They may involve online learning, more traditional learning approaches, or a hybrid approach. While many learning objects run within a Learning Management System (LMS), they need not do so. IJELLO is interested in publishing articles about learning objects, as broadly defined here, for all grade levels and disciplines and their application (storing, retrieving and sharing) as components of e-learning. IJELLO is published in print annually in a single volume by subscription and its articles also appear online free of charge as soon as they are accepted. This arrangement provides authors with the widest possible readership while ensuring that their papers are fully accepted as bona fide.